Someone from this number called me and claimed that I owed money for something and that they were going to file a lawsuit unless I was able to make a payment with my debit or credit card.

I hung up.  This call was a scam.  Sure I had some financial problems  years ago, but all of those are resolved. But every now and then some parasite calls and tries to scare me with a "lawsuit" if I don't pay up.  The caller was fishing for info and the number didn't connect with any legit collection agency.